Climate Science & Earth Systems

Research on climate modeling, atmospheric science, oceanography, and the physical processes driving climate change.

Sample of the collection (25 of 31 items)

• Assessing foundational atomistic models for iron alloys under Earth's core conditions Tianqi Wan et al. We assess the capability of recently developed foundational atomistic models (FAMs) to simulate iron alloys under the extreme pressures…
• Acidification of Water by CO2 W. A. van Wijngaarden et al. Fundamental inorganic chemistry shows that increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 will have no harmful effect on organisms that…
• Functional-prior-based Bayesian PDE-constrained inversion using PINNs Ryoichiro Agata et al. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a mesh-free framework for solving PDE-constrained inverse problems, but their extension…
• From Classical to Quantum-Mechanical Data Assimilation: A Comparison between DATO and QMDA Emanuele Donno et al. Data assimilation provides a systematic framework for combining dynamical models with partial and noisy observations to infer the…
• Interpretable Neural Networks to Predict Momentum Fluxes of Orographic Gravity Waves Elias Haslauer et al. State-of-the-art Earth system models (ESMs) cannot explicitly resolve many small-scale atmospheric processes such as atmospheric gravity…
• Uncertainty Quantification in Forecast Comparisons Marc-Oliver Pohle et al. Skill scores, which measure the relative improvement of a forecasting method over a benchmark via consistent scoring functions and…
• Prediction of Drought and Flash Drought in Africa at the Seasonal-to-Subseasonal Scale using the Community Research Earth Digital Intelligence Twin Framework Stuart Edris et al. Droughts and flash droughts (rapidly developing droughts; FDs) remain impactful events that are known to desiccate landscape and destroy…
• A frictional control mechanism of circumpolar transport in barotropic reentrant channel models Takuro Matsuta et al. Recent studies have reported that an increase in the bottom drag coefficient can enhance the volume transport of the Antarctic…
• A Review of Modeling and Waveform Inversion for Marine Seismic Data Guoxin Chen Marine seismic exploration is a core technology supporting marine resource exploration, seabed detection, carbon sequestration…
• Physically-Informed Fuzzy Clustering of Vertical Sounding Ionograms Oleg I. Berngardt et al. This paper presents a physically-informed fuzzy clustering of vertical sounding ionograms for automatically separating the ionogram into…
• Calibrating Attribution Proxies for Reward Allocation in Participatory Weather Sensing Mark C. Ballandies et al. Large-scale IoT weather sensing networks require incentive mechanisms to sustain participation, yet determining how much value…
• Representing the Surface Ocean in ECMWF's data-driven forecasting system AIFS Sara Hahner et al. Machine-learning (ML) models, such as the AIFS at the ECMWF, have revolutionised weather forecasting in recent years. We present an…
• Amplified Urban Climate Extremes from Global Warming-Urbanization Synergy: A Physics-Informed Intelligence Paradigm Qiuxia Wu et al. The nonlinear synergy between global warming and urbanization is amplifying extreme climate risks in cities worldwide. While…
• Hybrid weather prediction using spectral nudging toward machine-learning forecasts I. Polichtchouk et al. A hybrid approach to numerical weather prediction is investigated, in which the unperturbed physics-based ECMWF Integrated Forecasting…
• Optimal sensor placement for the reconstruction of ocean states using differentiable Gumbel-Softmax sampling operator Oscar Chapron et al. Accurately reconstructing and forecasting ocean fields from sparse observations is critical for both operational and scientific…
• climt-paraformer: Stable Emulation of Convective Parameterization using a Temporal Memory-aware Transformer Shuochen Wang et al. Accurate representation of moist convective sub-grid-scale processes remains a major challenge in global climate models, as traditional…
• OpenWaveLogger v2026 (OWL-v2026): an open source, low cost, easy to build, high performance logger for wave data measurements Jean Rabault et al. Ocean wave models are critical for weather and climate forecasting, and accurate in-situ wave observations are essential for validating…
• Surfactant effect on collective bubble bursting and aerosol emission Megan Mazzatenta et al. Bubbles entrained by breaking waves rise to the ocean surface where they cluster and burst, emitting sea spray aerosols into the…
• Import-Dependent Grain Processing Hubs: The Case of Türkiye's Flour Sector M. Levent Kurnaz International commerce has long been seen as a key way to keep the global food system stable, allowing agricultural surpluses in some…
• On the curlometer measurement of field-aligned and perpendicular currents in low Earth orbit: Swarm observations and whole geospace simulations R Gajewski et al. Measuring field-aligned currents (FACs) using magnetic field observations provides a powerful means to probe the multi-scale…
• The landslide drag Shiva P. Pudasaini Drag is one of the most important energy dissipation mechanisms in nature, including landslides and debris flows. To satisfactorily…
• Enhancing AI and Dynamical Subseasonal Forecasts with Probabilistic Bias Correction Hannah Guan et al. Decision-makers rely on weather forecasts to plant crops, manage wildfires, allocate water and energy, and prepare for weather extremes.…
• A shifted interface approach for internal discontinuities in poroelastic media David Michael Riley et al. Porous media containing cracks, fractures, or internal discontinuities arise throughout subsurface geomechanics, biomechanics, and…
• Forecasting Return Time of Extreme Precipitation by Large Deviation Theory Haotian Xie et al. Forecasting extreme precipitation is essential yet challenging due to its rarity and complexity. We develop a large deviation framework…
• Understanding Left-Moving Supercells: Environmental Factors and Forecasting Challenges Aaron W. Zeeb et al. Left-moving (LM) supercells, characterized by anticyclonically rotating updrafts in the Northern Hemisphere, are significant due to…

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